Viral And Bacterila Vaccines

Vaccines are useful to increase our immunization capacity. They protect us from the horrifying diseases. Vaccines are very important for overall health of whole population. Hence the information about the vaccines should be given to everybody.

Vaccines are of two types viral and bacterial. These are called first generation vaccines.

Viral Vaccines are Rubella, Polio, Measles, Mumps, Hepatitis A, Influenza A and B Rotavirus, Varicella, Yellow fever vaccine. This vaccine contains a ‘living’ virus that is able to give and produce immunity without causing illness. For most of the healthy persons live virus vaccines are effective and safe. There may be mild symptoms associated with the virus in the vaccine. These vaccines are harvested from infective fluids. They are propagated on monkey kidney cells, human diploid cells or yeast. Virus are inactivated or killed with formaldehyde. Cell cultures are grown in presence of inorganic, salts, amino acids, vitamins, dextrose, antibiotics, calf serum. then it is filtered, diluted and stabilized. Ultimate vaccine may include alcohol, antibiotics, detergents and organic solvents.

Smallest living things are Bacteria. Only 1 % bacteria bring sickness otherwise they are helpful in digestion and give the important vitamins needed by body. But infectious bacteria give you illness. Their reproduction is quick. They give off chemicals called toxins which can damage tissue.

Bacterial Vaccines are Pertussis, Haemophilus Influenza B, Mengcoccal, Pneumococcal, TB, Typhoid, Plague, Cholera Vaccine.

Whooping cough vaccine has dead cells whereas TB vaccine has live bacteria.

Attenuated organisms give higher immunity than the immunity given by inactivated organisms.Live organisms multiply in the body thus increasing the dose of antigen.

But it may cause health hazard due to its capacity to multiply.

Bacteria are grown on medium and then incubated, separated from medium. Saline solution is added and bacteria are killed by heat or germ killing agents. Preservatives are added like phenol, thimersol, 2-phenoxyethanol,

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