Vaccine Federal Law

* In U.S. vaccine requirements are compulsory. Federal government lacks authority to enact such laws for state resident hence these are addressed at the state law level. Federal Law does address vaccine requirements and exemptions for immigrants and the military. They also give a means of avoiding vaccines in the workplace for religious reasons. Vaccines are legally required in all U.S. states and territories. Exemptions are also available in each state and territory that at least some residents may exercise. It is state's right to require immunizations the benefit of society.

* Vaccines are made by private companies and immunization policies are set by every state and the federal government plays a variety of roles in immunization programs.

* Vaccine production, purchasing vaccines and making them available to states, these works are done by Department of Health and Human Services. Federal government makes recommendations for states to consider in setting immunization policies. Requirements for school, day care enrollment, sufficiency of nation's vaccine supply are the subjects for which federal government makes decision. States have responsibility to protect individuals and the entire population of the state. Therefore they have some laws about vaccines.

* Currently all 50 states have school immunization laws. It helps to ensure that most people are protected through immunization if the vaccine requirements are compulsory for school entry. First school immunization laws were established to control outbreaks of smallpox. Now they are used to avoid outbreak or diseases like measles, whooping cough, and polio.

* However some states allow exemptions for medical reasons as well as religious reasons. Medical exemptions are determined by a physician. This may happen if a child is allergic to some vaccine component. If parent's sincere religious beliefs are contradicted by immunization then religious exemptions are granted.

* A child can attend school or day care if a proper exemption is obtained. When there is an outbreak of vaccine preventable disease, children who have not been vaccinated are often excluding from or day care until the risk of contracting the disease is over.

* Although there is no legal penalty for parents who obtain exemptions for any reasons, in some states they could be found civilly liable if their child were to transmit a disease to another child.

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